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E-CODES
E-Codes ini berisikan list mengenai segala macam bahan makanan
yang diharamkan dalam Islam.
Macam-macam penyebab mengapa bahan-bahan tsb diharamkan.
Bisa saja karena mengandung babi, alcohol, atau bahan tsb diambil
dari binatang yang penyembelihannya tidak sesuai dengan syariah
Islam.
Jadi meskipun terbuat dari sapi ataupun ayam, tentu saja harus tetap
diwaspadai, kecuali di kemasannya jelas-jelas ada sertifikat halal-nya.
E-100 l E-200
l E-300 l E-400
l E-500 l E-900
| E-CODE |
DESKRIPSI |
KETERANGAN |
E-120
(Pewarna) |
Colourant, made from crushed insects. This popular colorant
is used to impart a deep red shade to fruit juices, gelatins,
candies (e. g. red smarties), shampoos.
When used as a food additive, the dye must be labelled on
packaging labels. Sometimes carmine is labelled as E120. An
unknown percentage of people have been found to have allergies
to carmine. Natural carmine dye used in food and cosmetics
is unacceptable for Muslims because the dye is extracted from
insects.
|
HARAM |
E-160a
(Pewarna) |
Orange or yellow plant pigments, found mainly in carrots,
green leafed vegetables and tomatoes, which the human body converts
into ?Vitamin A' in the liver. Can be commercially manufactured
in the laboratory but beta-carotene, with some alpha-carotene
and gamma-carotene present, is normally extracted from carrots
and other yellow or orange fruits and vegetables with hexane.
Used in butter and soft margarines, coffee sponge cakes, milk
products and soft drinks. Please be aware that some manufacturers
use gelatine as a stabiliser. With the move away from porcine
and bovine gelatine this is likely to be fish gelatine. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-252
(Pengawet) |
May be derived from waste animal or vegetable matter. Only
the producer can give details of its origin.
Used in the preservation of meat products, such as, cured meats,
bacon, ham, tongue, sausages, smoked frankfurters, pressed and
tinned meats such as corned beef and some Dutch cheeses.
Potassium nitrate is probably better known for its use in gun
powder and fireworks or as a fertiliser for intensive crops
such as tomatoes and potatoes.
As a food preservative it is one of the most effective (and
oldest) ways of preserving meat, in particular inhibiting the
growth of the bacterium responsible for botulism. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-270
(Pengawet, Anti-oxidant) |
As a food additive it increases the antioxidant properties
of other substances and can be used to add a bitter taste. All
fermented foods are very rich in lactic acid.
Commercially produced by bacterial fermentation on starch and
molasses. Also produced in large amounts in the large intestine
by the resident bacteria. It is the commonest acidic constituent
of fermented milk products such as sour milk, cheese, and buttermilk.
Also used in carbonated drinks, jams, jellies, soft margarine,
marmalade, infant milks and cereals, pickled red cabbage, salad
dressings, sweets, tartare sauce and many tinned products, such
as babyfoods, mackerel, pears, sardines, strawberries and tomatoes.
Muslims should be aware that as it is a naturally occurring
animal product, it could conceivably be of animal origin. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
|
E-304
(Anti-oxidant) |
E304, ascorbic acid ester comprising ascorbic acid and palmitic
acid, is prepared synthetically and, like E300, it is used as
an antioxidant, a colour preservative and as a vitamin supplement
but with the added advantage of being fat-soluble at high temperatures.
It can be found in baby formula, chicken stock cubes, pork pies,
sausages, scotch eggs and tinned baby food. There is the possibility
that the palmitic acid used is obtained from animal fat, although
the main source is vegetable fat.
Use of animal (incl. pork) fat cannot be ruled out completely.
Only the producer can provide with details of its origin. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-312
(Anti-oxidant) |
Synthesised from lauryl alcohol and gallic acid, which is
produced from plant tannins. Anti-oxidant in fatty products,
especially added to prevent rancidity.
Typical products include oils and fats, cereals, snack foods,
dairy produce. There is the possibility that the lauric acid
used for lauryl alcohol is obtained from animal fat, although
the main source is vegetable fat.
Use of animal (incl. pork) fat cannot be ruled out completely.
It does not contain alcohol (ethanol). |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-322
(Emulsifier) |
halal if it is from soy fat or egg yolk; haram if it is from
animal fat. Commercial lecithin, most of which comes from soya
bean oil, which may be Genetically Modified, contains a mixture
of phosphoglycerides containing principally lecithin, cephalin
and phosphatidyl inositol.
Other sources are egg yolk, from where it was originally obtained,
and leguminous seeds, including peanuts and maize, which also
may be Genetically Modified. As an emulsifier it lowers the
surface tension of water allowing the better combining of oils,
fats and water in such foods as chocolate, ice cream, margarine
and mayonnaise.
In bread and bakery products it increases volume and also acts
as an anti-staling agent thereby extending shelf life. Lecithin
is also a good synergist to antioxidants in fats and oils so
is often used in combination with them |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
|
E-325
(Anti-oxidant) |
The sodium salt of Lactic acid (E270). It is hygroscopic and
used in such products as sponge cakes and Swiss rolls where
its ability to absorb moisture helps to retain the moisture
content and thereby extend shelf-life. It is also used for its
synergistic effect on other substances antioxidant effect and
sometimes as a substitute for glycerol (E422).
Found in cheese, sponge cakes and Swiss rolls, ice cream, jams,
jellies, margarine, marmalades and sweets.
Muslims should be aware that as the source, (E270), Lactic acid,
is a naturally occurring animal product it could conceivably
be of animal origin. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-326
(Anti-oxidant) |
The potassium salt of lactic acid (E270). It is hygroscopic
and used in such products as sponge cakes and Swiss rolls where
its ability to absorb moisture helps to retain the moisture
content and thereby extend shelf-life.
It is also used for its synergistic effect on other substances
antioxidant effect. Found in sponge cakes and Swiss rolls, ice
cream, jams, jellies, marmalades and sweets.
Muslims should be aware that as the source, E270, Lactic acid,
is a naturally occurring animal product it could conceivably
be of animal origin. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-327
(Anti-oxidant) |
The calcium salt of lactic acid (E270). Particularly used
in tinned fruits and vegetables where it inhibits discolouration
and, because of its reaction with the naturally present pectin,
forming the less water soluble calcium pectate, helps prevent
the structural collapse of the food. Improves properties of
milk powders and condensed milk.
Also used for its synergistic effect on other substances antioxidant
effect. As well as the aforementioned can be found in jams,
jellies, and marmalades.
Muslims should be aware that as the source, E270, Lactic acid,
is a naturally occurring animal product it could conceivably
be of animal origin. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-329
(Anti-oxidant) |
Magnesium lactate is the magnesium salt of lactic acid, E270,
and is used as a humectant and antioxidant in food. It is capable
of increasing the antioxidant effects of other substances.
It is hygroscopic hence is used in such products where its ability
to absorb moisture helps to extend shelf life. Sometimes used
as a substitute for glycerol. Typical products include jams,
margarines, cheese, sweets, ice cream, cakes. Lactic acid, is
a naturally occurring animal product it could conceivably be
of animal origin. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
|
E-430
(Emulsifier) |
Synthetic compound, produced from ethylene oxide (a synthetic
compound) and stearic acid (a natural fatty acid). Emulsifier
found in Products like Sauces and (mainly) cosmetics. Acceptable
Daily Intake is upto 25 mg/kg body weight for the entire group
of compounds in the E430-E436 range; on the other hand, it has
not been specified for the individual compounds. People intolerant
of propylene glycol should also avoid the group of 430-E436.
These compounds (430-E436) contain fatty acids, which are nearly
always from vegetable oils; however, use of animal fat (including
pork) cannot be fully ruled out.
Chemically, the origin of these compounds cannot be determined;
only the producer may provide information on the origin. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-431
(Emulsifier) |
E431 is a synthetic compound, produced from ethylene oxide
(a synthetic compound) and stearic acid (a natural fatty acid).
Used in bakery products, puddings, etc. Acceptable Daily Intake
is upto 25 mg/kg body weight for the entire group of compounds
in the 430-E436 range; on the other hand, it has not been specified
for the individual compounds.
These compounds (430-E436) contain fatty acids, which are nearly
always from vegetable oils; however, use of animal fat (including
pork) cannot be fully ruled out.
Chemically, the origin of these compounds cannot be determined;
only the producer may provide information on the origin. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-432
(Emulsifier) |
Polysorbates are made by reacting ethylene oxide (a gas) with
sorbitan esters. Polysorbates are generally used in combination
other emulsifiers such as mono-and diglycerides or sorbitan
monostearates for various purposes such as to disperse flavours
and colours, to make essential oils and vitamins soluble and
to improve volume and texture in baked goods.
Widely used as an emulsifier or solubiliser in a variety of
foods including bakery products and in cosmetics and other industrial
products. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
|
E-433
(Emulsifier) |
Functions as an emulsifier (holding water and oils in suspension),
in various foods and supplements.
Polysorbates are generally used in combination other emulsifiers
such as mono-and diglycerides or sorbitan monostearates for
various purposes such as to disperse flavours and colours, to
make essential oils and vitamins soluble and to improve volume
and texture in bakery products. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-434
(Emulsifier) |
Used as an antifoaming agent, colourant and fat-soluble antioxidants.
Found in Desserts and Sugar confectionery . Also found in Firm
Hold Hair Gels. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-435
(Emulsifier) |
Polyoxyethylene- (20) -sorbitan monostearate and its close
relatives, POLYSORBATE 65 and 80, work the same way as mono-and
diglycerides, but smaller amounts are required to achieve the
same result.
They help prevent baked goods from going stale, keep dill oil
dissolved in bottled dill pickles, help coffee whiteners dissolve
in coffee, and prevent oil from separating out of artificial
whipped cream.
An emulsifier and thickener found in bakery products, frozen
desserts, imitation dairy products, emulsified sauces and soups.
Other uses include products such as creams, lotions, pomades,
sunscreens, shampoos, conditioners, skin protection creams,
salves, pharmaceutical ointments, and other emulsions. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-436
(Emulsifier) |
Emulsifier, stabiliser in a large range of foods including
chewing gum. Causes fat absorption. Potentially cancer-inciting
. Banned in Australia |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
|
E-441
(Emulsifier, gelling agent) |
Produced from all species of animals. Unfortunately information
on origin can only be obtained from the producer. Specific halal
gelatin is made from cattle. |
HARAM |
E-442
(Emulsifier) |
Manufactured either synthetically or from a mixture of Glycerol
(E422) and partially hardened rape seed oil.
Used mainly as an emulsifier, to lower the surface tension of
water so allowing the better combining of oils, fats and water,
and as a stabiliser, to prevent separation. Similar in use to
Lecithin (E322). Limited use as an antioxidant.
Muslims should note that although industrial manufacturing based
on propylene or sugar accounts for a large percentage of glycerol
production, it can be obtained as a by-product in making soap
from animal and vegetable fats and oils. Found in cocoa and
chocolate products. It is the emulsifier found in Cadbury's
Dairy Milk chocolate. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-470a
(Emulsifier) |
Fatty acids are natural elements of fats and oils. Their salts
are obtained by treating them with alkaline substances in order
to make such things as soaps. Used in cake mixes and oven ready
chips. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-470b
(Emulsifier) |
Used as an anti-caking agent in certain food supplement tablets
and capsules. Not permitted in Australia. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-471
(Emulsifier) |
Manufactured from glycerin (see E422) and fatty acids, these
are normally obtained from hydrogenated soya bean oil and as
such may be genetically modified but the source maybe of animal
origin aswell hence one must read the packaging to confirm suitable
for vegetarians.
Used where the foaming power of egg protein needs to be retained
in the presence of fat and in baked goods as an 'anti-staling'
agent where it prevents the loss of water from starches.
Allegedly the most commonly used emulsifier in the food processing
industry, it can be found in, amongst other foods, Black Forest
gateau mix, cakes, hot-chocolate mix, aerosol creams, shaped
crisps, quick custard mix, packet dessert topping, dehydrated
potato, sponge puddings, sterilised, pasteurised and UHT cream,
low-calorie cream and pasteurised low-fat cream, margarine and
low fat spreads, and ice cream. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
|
E-472a
(Emulsifier) |
Prepared from mixing esters of glycerol (see E422) with edible
fats and acetic acid (see E260). Improves aeration properties
of high fat recipes and produces a stable foam in whipped products
by collecting together the fat globules.
Because it is capable of forming a very thin, flexible and stretchable
film it is also used as coating for meat products, nuts and
fruits where it improves appearance and extends shelf life.
Can also be found in bread, dessert toppings and cheesecake
and mousse mixes |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-472b
(Emulsifier) |
Esters of mono and diglycerides (also see E472a, E472c and
E472e) are widely used especially in fats, bakery products &
whipped toppings Used to give emulsions their stability and
the required viscosity. The first use of monoacylglycerols on
an industrial scale was, more than 50 years ago, for making
margarine where they emulsify the water phase in oil and fat
phase.
They are now currently included in low calorie spreads, peanut
butter and ice cream to control their texture, starch based
foods such as macaroni, noodles, potato products and in the
bakery industry.
Found in Cadburys mousse deserts, Marks & Spencer Strawberry
Trifle and Mullerlight mousse. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-472c
(Emulsifier) |
Citrated mono and diglycerides are formed by esterifying the
hydroxyl groups of mono and diglycerides. Used as an emulsifier.
A substitute for lecithin (E322) in various applications. Permitted
for use in infant formula and follow-on milk and other foods
for infants and young children |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-472d
(Emulsifier) |
|
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-472e
(Emulsifier) |
Consists of mixed glycerol esters of mono and diacetyltartaric
acid and fatty acids of food fats prepared from esters of glycerol
(see E422) with tartaric acid (see E334).
It is made by the interaction of diacetyltartaric anhydride
and mono and diglycerides.
Its main use is as a dough conditioner in yeast raised bakery
products such as bread although it also finds use in hot chocolate
mix, gravy granules and frozen pizza. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-472f
(Emulsifier) |
Consists of esters of glycerol with fatty acids of food fats,
acetic acid and tartaric acid.
It may contain small amounts of free glycerol, free fatty acids,
free acetic acid, free tartaric acid and free glycerides. Found
in processed bread and some other products. |
|
|
E-473
(Emulsifier) |
Used stabilise margarine, mayonnaise, soups and dairy desserts.
Modify swelled starch in noodles and baked goods.
Also may be found in the following: baking mixes, chewing gum,
coffee and tea beverages with added dairy ingredients, frozen
dairy desserts and mixes, as a component of protective coatings
applied to fresh apples, avocados, bananas, banana plantains,
limes, melons (honeydew and cantaloupe), papaya, peaches, pears,
pineapples, and plums to retard ripening and spoiling. Also
involved in the production of olestra. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-474
(Emulsifier) |
An emulsifier, stabiliser and thickener which may be found
in dairy based drinks, flavoured and/or fermented (e. g. , chocolate
milk, cocoa, eggnog, drinking yoghurt, whey based drinks), beverage
whiteners, dairy based desserts (e. g. , ice cream, fruit or
flavoured yoghurt).
Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet, surface treated fresh
fruit, fruit based desserts, including fruit flavoured water
based desserts, cocoa mixes (powders and syrups), chewing gum,
cereal and starch based desserts (e. g. , rice pudding, tapioca
pudding).
Also, heat treated processed meat, poultry, and game products
in whole pieces or cuts, heat treated processed comminuted meat,
poultry, and game products, egg based desserts (e. g. , custard),
soups and broths, sauces, dietetic foods intended for special
medical purposes, including those for infants and young children,
dietetic formulae for slimming purposes and weight reduction,
food supplements, water based flavoured drinks, including "sport"
or "electrolyte" drinks and particulated drinks, cider
and perry, fruit wine, Mead and Spirituous beverages. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-475
(Emulsifier) |
Extensively used in icings, toppings and cake mixes, ice cream,
other desserts, bakery and pastry products, chewing gum, coffee
whitener, butter and other spreads, milk powder for baby food,
and imitation milk powders.
It can also be used as a vehicle for a drug (dissolved or suspended),
as a wetting agent, to help the wetting of a suspended powder
, as a thickener. Owing to its high viscosity, it can be mixed
with vegetable oils, to increase viscosity thus preventing separation. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-477
(Emulsifier) |
Mainly used in cakes & whipped toppings as emulsifiers
and aerating agents. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
|
E-478
(Emulsifier) |
Combination of lactic acid, glycerol, propanediol and natural
fats. Normal fat consists of glycerol and fatty acids, for these
products glycerol is replaced by propanediol.
The fats are mainly from plant origin, but also fats of animal
origin may be used. The product generally is a mixture of different
components.
As an Emulsifiers and stabilizer it is found in bakery products.
Acceptable Daily Intake is upto 25 mg/kg bodyweight for propyleneglycol.
Although mainly vegetable oils are used, the use of animal fat
(incl. pork) can not be excluded. Only the producer can give
detailed information on the origin of the fatty acids. Chemically
the fatty acids from vegetable or animal origin are identical. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-479b
(Emulsifier) |
Found in magarine and similar fat emulsions for frying purposes.
May be of Genetically modified origin as manufactured from soya. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-481
(Emulsifier) |
Emulsifier used to improve the texture of baked goods, dough
conditioner; stabiliser and whipping agent, emulsifying agent
in salad dressings (including French dressing), soups, non dairy
creamers, cream liqueur drinks and beauty preparations. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-482
(Emulsifier) |
Similar to E481 but with calcium as the added mineral instead
of sodium. Lactic acid in commercial food is produced either
by chemical synthesis or from bacterial fermentation of a carbohydrate
such as corn sugar.
It is considered safe for a milk allergic individual. Used as
a conditioner in dehydrated potatoes (instant mashed potatoes)
and helps to prevent staleing in bread. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
|
E-483
(Emulsifier) |
Used as a dough strengthening agent. Stearyl tartrate has
been extensively studied in animals. There are fears in some
quarters that it may be a carcinogen, and it is prohibited in
Australia. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-491
(Emulsifier) |
Sorbitan fatty acid esters are lipophilic (fat loving) generally
soluble or dispersible in oil and tend to form water in oil
emulsions. They are also soluble in most organic solvents.
Used in fine bakery wares, anusol pile cream!!! and cream for
dry and sensitive skin. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-492
(Emulsifier) |
A semisynthetic compound derived from simple sugars and fatty
acids. Produced by the reaction of sorbitol and stearic acid,
sorbitan monostearate is the only sorbitan ester approved for
food use.
Applications include emulsifier for the preparation of water
/oil emulsions, emulsifier for insecticides, anti-foaming agent,
used in conjunction with polysorbates in oil toppings, cake
mixes, etc. Found in Lancome nail strengthening cream, McDonalds
(magarine applied to buns), |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-493
(Emulsifier) |
Produced from sorbitol and lauric acid, a normal fatty acid
from vegetable or animal origin. Emulsifier and stabiliser found
in different products. Although mainly vegetable oils are used,
the use of animal fat (incl. pork) can not be excluded.
Several groups, such as vegans, Muslims and Jews thus avoid
these products. Only the producer can give detailed information
on the origin of the fatty acids. Chemically the fatty acids
from vegetable or animal origin are identical. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-494
(Emulsifier) |
Used as an emulsifier, thickener and stabiliser in foods.
It stops yeast products foaming. Also used in pharmaceuticals.
Banned in Australia. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-495
(Emulsifier) |
Emulsifier and stabiliser as alternative for 491. It is Banned
in Australia. Due to its adverse health effects it is advisable
to avoid it. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
|
E-542
(Anticaking agent) |
Produced from animal bones. Used as an anti-caking agent,
emulsifier and source of phosphorous in food supplements. Main
use, however, is in cosmetics (such as tooth paste).
Found in dry products and cane sugar. Acceptable daily intake
suggested by health authorities is upto 70 mg/kg bodyweight.
Phosphates are normal essential salts for the body. In view
of the need to avoid calcium deficiency, their use is limited,
as they bind to calcium readily. |
HARAM |
E-570
(Anticaking agent) |
A normal part of any fat. Commercially prepared from cottonseed
oil, but animal origin can not be excluded. Used as anti-caking
agent and plasticizer in chewing gum. Also used in flavours.
Found in Chewing gum, butter aroma/flavour, bakery products.
Also used in cosmetics and pharmaceutical preparations. Acceptable
daily intake is not determined.
Although stearic acid and stearates are commercially obtained
from plant sources, the use of animal fat (including pork and
beef) can not be excluded. Only the producer can provide information
on the origin. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-571
(Anticaking agent) |
Ammonium salt of stearic acid. Used as anti-caking and anti-foaming
agent in sugar production. Found in Sugar, but mainly used in
cosmetics. Acceptable daily intake is not determined.
Although stearic acid and stearates are commercially obtained
from plant sources, the use of animal fat (including pork and
beef) can not be excluded. Only the producer can provide information
on the origin. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-572
(Emulsifier, Anticaking agent) |
Magnesium salt of stearic acid . Used as anti-caking agent
and emulsifier. Used in Confectionary. Main use is in cosmetics
(baby powder) Acceptable daily intake is not determined.
Although stearic acid and stearates are commercially obtained
from plant sources, the use of animal fat (including pork and
beef) can not be excluded. Only the producer can provide information
on the origin. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
|
| E-910 |
A naturally occuring sulphur containing amino acid, derived
from cystine, that the body needs to produce Glutathione, one
of the body's major antioxidants.
Natural sources of cysteine include eggs, meat, dairy products
and some cereals although it is commercially produced from hair,
both animal and human, (which is around 12% cysteine) and feathers.
In compound form (E920 and E921) it is used in flour and bakery
products (except wholemeal) where it is used as an improving
agent and in chicken stock cubes where it is used as a flavour. |
Tergantung, lihat label halal di kemasan |
E-920
(Improving agent) |
An essential amino acid, present in all protein (essential
indicates that it is needed by the human body). Derived from
proteins, including animal protein and hair.
It is a bread enhancer and stabilises the structure of leavened
bread. Acceptable daily intake is not determined. |
HARAM |
E-921
(Improving agent) |
An essential amino acid, present in all protein (essential
indicates that it is needed by the human body). Derived from
proteins, including animal protein and hair.
It is a bread enhancer and stabilises the structure of leavened
bread. Acceptable daily intake is not determined. E921 can be
obtained from animal sources, including pork making it haram
for muslims. |
HARAM |
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Sumber: http://www.searchtruth.com
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